I believe you would be hard pressed to find a Rishon that holds the popular view of today.
The Ramban in Devarim yud aleph, posuk yud gimmel says quite clearly that only tzaddikim, or in some cases reshaim, have direct hashgochoh protus. There is nothing unclear about the Ramban’s opinion.
The Radak in Nach iterates a similar concept, I believe, many times. Any decent familiarity with the Radak will substantiate this.
The Rambam in Moreh Nevuchim says that a person’s level of hashgochoh protis is directly correlated to his madreigah.
The Ralbag in Milchemes Hashem agrees with the Rambam on this point.