@AAQ –
1) Re Charedim being the majority and what to do – it’s a very good question. The RZ community actively discusses how to deal with a religious majority state in journals such as Techumin. I’m not aware of any current Charedi discussion because it isn’t practical at the moment.
Taking the most strict position and guessing that is the general position of the Charedi community, I would think they would shut it all down. That would be based on a view that public order or public necessity isn’t under the category of Pikuach Nefesh. However, if backup systems could be used or Grama technologies were implemented, that might not require a full shut down. But even then you may need someone there overseeing the systems and a significant percentage of the population here isn’t going to necessarily trust a non-Jew with overseeing the operations, even if they aren’t doing anything. So you’re going to end up with someone possibly violating Shabbos on some level.
2) I thought I presented a pretty good synopsis of both RZ and Charedi positions. The Charedi positions were Chazon Ish, RZSA and R’ Asher Weiss as well as R’ Shternbuch, with RSZA being the most lenient but the overall position being that it is prohibited. RZ positions were Rav Herzog and Rav Yisraeli, and Rav Herzog was initally closer to the Charedi position. I can search for more Charedi opinions on the matter, but it won’t be until some time next week.
3) Re Solar panels – yes, it does send power back to the grid. I have no idea if anyone – Charedi or RZ – has addressed solar panels generating electricity and the direct use thereof on Shabbos. Again, I can check next week. But I presume the same problems with the grid would apply to solar panel systems because it is essentially its own grid. The only way to get around it would be for the solar panels to charge batteries that would be used on Shabbos. That’s definitely doable (there are “tiny homes on wheels” that make use of them regularly) but the question would be technical scalability for an entire neighborhood or even country.
@YYA –
I was telling off SJ. I think you can cut me some slack here, all things considered.