@anonymous-jew you wrote:
With regard to Israel, you can’t have it both ways. If it’s not a Jewish government, you can’t
refuse to serve if drafted by claiming a status of sitting and learning
The only reason a Jew listens to any non-Jewish government is because our Torah teaches us to. Our only obligation is to Hashem, so only if He tells us to do something do we do it.
If the Torah says a certain government is NOT legitimate it does NOT teach us to follow its laws.
This is very common in the laws of shmad, where there is an explicit rejection of any “dinei dmalchsei dine” when the government is actively challenging our Torah obligations.